After initial infection individuals develop antibodies that are detectable throughout life. HSV-2 is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections (STI). This latent infection can be reactivated to induce recurrent disease. After initial infection the virus persists in the sensory ganglia for life. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is transmitted almost exclusively sexually. This does not alter the authors adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. There are no further patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. provided the ELISA as well as the POC kits free of charge for this study on demand. ( ) The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: Focus Diagnostics Inc. generously provided the ELISA as well as the POC kits free of charge for this study. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are creditedĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.įunding: Funding was provided by The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation (Grant No. Received: DecemAccepted: ApPublished: May 26, 2015Ĭopyright: © 2015 Behling et al. PLoS ONE 10(5):Īcademic Editor: Richard Thompson, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, UNITED STATES Prospective evaluation of an algorithm incorporating HSV-1 serostatus found that 11 of 70 persons with indeterminate HSV-2 ELISAs were Western blot-positive.Ĭlinicians should consider selectively using a higher index value to define Focus ELISA HSV-2 positivity based on either HSV-1 serostatus or clinical circumstances.Citation: Behling J, Chan AK, Zeh C, Nekesa C, Heinzerling L (2015) Evaluating HIV Prevention Programs: Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Antibodies as Biomarker for Sexual Risk Behavior in Young Adults in Resource-Poor Countries. Selectively raising the ELISA index value defining HSV-2 positivity from >1.1 to >or=3.0 either among HSV-1-positive men or among those without a history or clinical evidence of genital lesions increased the PPV to >or=93%. Western blot positivity was more common in men without herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) antibody than in those with HSV-1 antibody (93% vs 76%, P = 0.02) and in men with a history or clinical evidence of genital lesions (88% vs 80%, P = 0.30). Ninety-one (84%) of 108 HSV-2 ELISA-positive sera tested HSV-2 Western blot-positive. HSV-2 Western blots were then prospectively performed on sequential sera with indeterminate HSV-2 ELISAs. HSV-2 Western blots were performed on sera from male sexually transmitted disease clinic patients testing HSV-2 ELISA-positive and used to define a new class of indeterminate HSV-2 ELISA result. The objective of this study was to define the positive predictive value (PPV) of the Focus herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in a low HSV-2 prevalence population and to develop a new test interpretation algorithm.
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